
Guess What?:
* Columbus didn't discover America.
* Slavery didn't come from Black people selling each other.
* Nazi Death Camps were not history's greatest mass murder.
* Lincoln never freed a single slave.
"What do you mean you're
not an Indian? This has to be India!"
Christobal Colombo had a problem.
After he "discovered" the "American" continent
in 1492, he found that the forty million people already there
made terrible slaves.
But then what can you expect of people too silly to look under
their toes to "discover" the continent themselves.
First of all these people were too ungrateful to appreciate
being "discovered" and kept trying to hold on to their
own land; (I find it ironic that Colombo's descendants get pissed
off if someone crawls through their living room window and "discovers"
their DVD Player).
Next these natives refused to admit they were Chinese, then
they were too stingy to bring Columbo piles of gold even when
the Spanish cut off their ears and other body parts as an incentive.
To top it off, the native people suffered from great plagues
of common European diseases like flu, smallpox and cholera that
they had never been exposed to before (imagine having the nerve
to die before they could be worked to death in the silver mines)!
Millions of native "Americans" died of diseases
brought by the Europeans. Within twenty years whole cultures had
been wiped off the face of the earth, killed by disease and the
spears of hunting parties organized by Columbo. Caribbean islands
and Central America had been teeming with people; they were reduced
to empty villages filled with rotting corpses.
It dawned on the Europeans that it was going to be hard to
get dead "Indians" to work. "White" convicts
who were brought in by the thousands as slave labor didn't appreciate
being whipped or beaten for no pay either; they ran away or wanted
their own slaves when their "indenture" was over in
seven years.
Britain set up penal colonies in America, South Africa and
Australia to provide a slave labor force for their rich plantation
owners. They emptied their jails of the dregs of London, Birmingham
and Liverpool; sending thousands of white thieves, pimps, prostitutes,
rapists and murderers into the growing colonies.
Modern "whites" like to think that their ancestors
came to America on the Mayflower seeking religious freedom. About
twenty "whites" came on the Mayflower; millions more
came to the colonies chained in prison ships after standing before
a judge who gave them the choice between seven years of slavery
in the colonies or a hangman's noose.
But "whites" didn't hold up well under the lash
either. Who was going to clear forests and build roads and dig
ditches and build cities and chop cotton and tote barges and lift
bales without dropping dead in the heat?
Hmmm . . .
To Kidnap a Continent
Just as Joseph Kennedy made his fortune selling illegal booze
for the Mafia during prohibition, many New England "blue
bloods" can trace their fortunes to the sale of human beings
during slavery.
Requiring less expensive equipment and a shorter turn around
time than a whaling voyage, old sailing ships could be outfitted
with chains and a few months worth of beans and corn meal and
return in six months with a human cargo valued at $50,000 to $100,000,
a small fortune at the time.
One of the favorite rationalizations "white" people
have for slavery is that "African chiefs sold their own people
to slave traders, so it's not our fault". Reading the journals
of slave ship captains quickly pokes a hole in that pile of crap.
I've read dozens of first hand accounts of slave ship captains
from the sixteeth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; a typical
journal reads like the following one by Sir John Hawkins, Queen
Elizabeth I's personal "privateer" (pirate).
In 1567 Hawkins set out from England in six ships paid for
by the queen and her cronies (investors), including his flagship,
the "Jesus of Lubec". They stopped in Africa to pick
up slaves to sell to the Spanish colonies in the Caribbean during
their pirate cruise:
"(We reached) the coast of Guinea, and arrived at Cape
Verde, the eighteenth of November: where we landed 150 men, hoping
to obtain some Negros (sic), where we got but fewe (sic), and
those with great hurt and damage to our men, which chiefly proceeded
of their envenomed arrowes (Africans shot Hawkin's men up badly
with poisoned arrows)." Hawkins describes the poison as being
unusual: the arrows left small wounds, but his men died ten days
later with their mouths paralyzed shut.
Hawkins continues: "From thence we passed the time upon
the coast of Guinea, searching with all diligence the rivers from
Rio Grande, unto Sierra Leona (sic), till the twelfth of Januarie,
in which time we had not gotten together a hundreth and fiftie
Negros . . .
"(On) the 15 of Januarie (we) assaulted a towne of the
Negros which had in it 8000 Inhabitants, being very strongly impaled
and fenced after their manner, but it was so well defended that
our men prevailed not, but lost six men and fortie hurt (the slavers
had six of their men killed and forty injured): so that our men
sent forthwith to me for more helpe."
Sir John came with reinforcements and they "assaulted
the towne, both by land and by sea, and very hardly (strongly)
with fire (their houses being covered with dry Palme leaves).
We obtained (took) the towne, and put the inhabitants to flight,
where we took 250 persons, men, women and children. Now had we
obtained between foure and five hundred Negros, wherewith we thought
it somewhat reasonable to seeke the coast of the West Indies .
. . whereunto we proceeded with all diligence, furnished our watering,
tooke fuell, and departed the coast of Guinea the third of Februarie
. . ."
Hawkins reports that the hold of the Jesus was filled to overflowing
with human cargo.
By the eighteenth century Europeans had snatched most of the
Africans living near the coasts and rivers, and slaves were harder
to obtain. Whites then equipped huge armies of blacks to hunt
slaves for them. Whole communities were rounded up and captured
and sold to white traders, who built large slave trading forts
on the coast.
Kidnapped from Guinea in 1735, six year old Venture Smith
was the son of a wealthy African trader. He later wrote that Guinea
had been "invaded by a numerous army from a nation not far
distant, furnished with . . . all kinds of arms . . . they were
instigated by some white nation who equipped and sent them to
subdue and possess the country" (capture black people as
slaves). "The army of the enemy was large, I should suppose
consisting of about six thousand men."
Venture's family fled the invading slave catchers with the
family of their King; he later describes their capture: "They
then came to us in the reeds, and the very first salute I had
from them was a violent blow on the back part of the head with
the fore part of a gun, and at the same time a grasp round the
neck. I then had a rope put about my neck, as had all the women
in the thicket with me, and were immediately led to my father,
who was likewise pinioned and haltered for leading." Venture's
father was tortured and murdered by his captors when he didn't
reveal where his money was stored.
"All of us were then put into the castle [a European
slave trading post], and kept for market." He was later sold
to the steward on a slave ship and brought to Connecticut: "I
was bought on board by one Robert Mumford . . . for four gallons
of rum, and a piece of calico (cloth), and called Venture, on
account of his having purchased me with his own private venture.
Thus I came by my name."
Tight Pack
John Barbot, an agent for the French Royal African Company,
made at least two voyages to the West Coast of Africa, in 1678
and 1682. He reported how slaves were sorted before shipment:
"Such as are allowed good and sound, are set on one side,
and the others by themselves; which slaves so rejected are there
called Mackrons, being above thirty five years of age, or defective
in their limbs, eyes or teeth; or grown grey, or that have the
venereal disease, or any other imperfection. These being set aside
which have passed as good, is marked on the breast, with a red-
hot iron, imprinting the mark of the French, English, or Dutch
companies, that so each nation may distinguish their own. In this
particular, care is taken that the women, as tenderest, be not
burnt too hard."
"Many of those slaves we transport from Guinea to America
are prepossessed with the opinion, that they are carried like
sheep to the slaughter, and that the Europeans are fond of (eating)
their flesh; which notion so far prevails with some, as to make
them fall into a deep melancholy and despair, and to refuse all
sustenance (when) much compelled and even beaten to oblige them
to take some nourishment: notwithstanding all which, they will
starve to death; whereof I have had several instances in my own
slaves both aboard and at Guadalupe. And tho' I must say I am
naturally compassionate, yet have I been necessitated sometimes
to cause the teeth of those wretches to be broken, because they
would not open their mouths, or be prevailed upon by any entreaties
to feed themselves; and thus have forced some sustenance into
their throats...."
Barbot continued: "One thing is to be taken notice of
by sea-faring men, Fida and Ardra slaves are the most apt to revolt
aboard ships, by a conspiracy carried on amongst themselves .
. . and will therefore watch all opportunities to deliver themselves,
by assaulting a ship's crew, and murdering them all, if possible:
whereof, we have almost every year some instances (where this
happens) in one European ship or other, that is filled with slaves."
Captured Africans were herded into pens, branded like cattle,
and then chained lying down in the hold of a wooden sailing ship
for the six to eight week voyage to America.
Lucky slaves were chained in a loose pack, giving them 24
inches of space to lie in. Greedier slavers opted for a "tight
pack" spacing of 18 inches between slaves, which meant more
than a month of lying chained in your own and other people's excrement.
Tight pack usually meant more deaths among the captives; it was
not unusual for 20% to 30% death rate among the slaves during
the crossing.
This so called "Middle Passage" resulted in the
deaths of millions of black people, which intensified in the early
nineteenth century when one of the greatest slaving nations on
earth, England, outlawed slavery and sent its navy to attack slave
ships on the open sea and arrest their crews.
Millions of blacks were thrown overboard still chained together
when British warships were sighted. Historians estimate that somewhere
between 30 and 60 million black people were murdered by slavers
during the Atlantic crossing during three hundred years of the
slave trade.
This constitutes the greatest act of mass murder in the history
of the earth.
Still with me? Great! Click
here for Part Two of the Afrique review
of HISstory.
What Should You Do?:
- Read, study and think for yourself: Don't believe anything,
especially involving history, without studying the subject yourself
and making up your own mind about it.
- Teachers lie, politicians lie, "experts" lie,
religious leaders lie, historians lie, books lie, just about
everyone lies either to protect their special interests or because
they mindlessly repeat the lies they have been told since childhood.
- It's comfortable to parrot the "common wisdom";
that's also the surest way say and think stupid things that benefit
others and damage yourself. "Common Wisdom" is a contradictory
term like "Jumbo Shrimp" and "Military Intelligence";
wisdom is far from common.
- Research history: Like anything else, you may have to
wade through tons of bull manure to find an ounce of wisdom,
but the process is worthwhile, it's the only way to get to the
truth. Start with the Read It section at the end of this chapter.
- Decide whether the "white" racist educational
system benefits you: If it does, continue to think and act the
way you always have.
If "white" racism does not work in your best interest:
(1) Liberate your brain from the lies which prop up the racist
system . . . read, study, do research, plan and organize!
(2) Work to build the institutions that will benefit you and
your people . . Afrocentric schools, businesses and eventually,
governments. Other people will never educate, feed, house, clothe
or defend us; we must do those things for ourselves.
Give us your thoughts on history . . . stop by the Afrique
Mail Box and drop us a line! Your best responses will appear
in Feed Back.
Read About It:
Here's a list of books which
can help set the record straight about history . . .
The Autobiography of Malcolm X by Alex Haley
Roots by Alex Haley
African Origins of Civilization, Myth or Reality by
Cheikh Anta Diop
Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor
Williams
Ten Lessons: An Introduction to Black History by
Mba Mbulu
The African People and Their History by Joseph E.
Harris
Introduction to African Civilization by John G.
Jackson
Caribbean History The Caribbean From Columbus To
Castro by Eric Williams
Capitalism and Slavery by Eric Williams
Black Jacobins by C. L. R. James
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa by Walter Rodney
The West and the Rest of Us by Chinweizu.
Documents in West African History by Eric Williams
They Came Before Columbus: The African in Ancient
America by Ivan Van Sertima
African-American History From Slavery to Freedom
by John Hope Franklin
Before the Mayflower by Lerone Bennett, Jr.
Miseducation of the Negro by Carter G. Woodson
The Slave Community by John Blassingame
The Negro in the Making of America by Benjamin Quarles
A Chronology of the Bible by Yosef Ben-Jochanan
Classical Africa by Dr. Molefi Asante
The Pains and Images of Psychological Slavery by
Na'im Akbar
Gifted: Discovering Your Hidden Greatness by Jefferson
Edwards
Rebellion of Humans by David A. Anderson / SANKOFA
Egypt, Child of Africa by Ivan Van Sertima
What is Life by Kalamu Ya Salaam
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